Adjuvants
David A. G. Skibinski and Derek T. O'Hagan
from: Vaccine Design: Innovative Approaches and Novel Strategies (Edited by: Rino Rappuoli and Fabio Bagnoli). Caister Academic Press, U.K. (2011)
Abstract
The development of new effective vaccines, especially those consisting of highly purified antigens, will increasingly require the inclusion of an adjuvant. With over half a century of experience, aluminium containing adjuvants (alum) will continue to be widely used and until very recently remained the only vaccine adjuvant approved for human use in the US. In recent years a number of studies have started to reveal a more detailed understanding of alum's mechanism of action. Here we review these recent advances as well as discussing considerations for optimal formulation of the adjuvant. We will also address the need for more potent adjuvants than alum, with particular emphasis on the discovery and development of MF59, an emulsion based vaccine adjuvant which as been licensed for more than ten years in more than 20 countries, for use in an influenza vaccine focused on elderly subjects (Fluad®) read more ...
