Classical Swine Fever Virus
Sandra Blome
from: Porcine Viruses: From Pathogenesis to Strategies for Control (Edited by: Hovakim Zakaryan). Caister Academic Press, U.K. (2019) Pages: 21-42.
Abstract
Classical swine fever (CSF) remains one of the most important threats to profitable and sustainable pig production world-wide and its occurrence in domestic and wild pigs has to be reported to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). The causative agent, CSF virus (CSFV), is a small enveloped RNA virus of the genus Pestivirus in the Flaviviridae virus family. The clinical picture of CSF depends on virus and host factors and is highly variable. It can range from an almost inapparent infection to a hemorrhagic fever-like illness with high mortality. An immunopathogenesis with dysregulated cytokine responses is suggested for many lesions. After implementation of strict control measures, several countries with industrialized pig production succeeded in eradicating CSF. These control measures often included mandatory vaccination with live attenuated vaccines that have proven to be safe and highly efficacious. Nevertheless, in most parts of the world, CSF is at least sporadically present in either domestic pigs or wild boar. Endemicity can be assumed in several countries of South and Central America, parts of Eastern Europe and neighboring countries, as well as Asia, including India. The chapter summarized virus properties, pathogenesis and clinical picture as well as control options read more ...
