Immune response
from: Acanthamoeba: Biology and Pathogenesis (Author: Naveed Khan). Caister Academic Press, U.K. (2009)
Abstract
• Non-specific immune system
Skin
Mucosa
Normal flora
Recruitment of phagocytes and their mode of killing
Phagocytic call for help (production of cytokines)
Complement
Cytokines
• Specific immune system
Antibodies
• What are the basic types of parasite immune evasion strategies
Non-induction of immune response
Anatomical seclusion
Mechanisms of survival in macrophages
Antigenic variation
Host mimicry
Evasion of complement
Evasion of antibodies
Interference with host immune signaling molecules
• Immune response in Acanthamoeba infections
Acanthamoeba keratitis and the immune response
From the contact lens to the cornea
Effect of contact lens wear for extended times on the innate immunity of the ocular surface
Antimicrobial peptides
Acquired immunity
Immunization using whole Acanthamoeba antigens
Immunization using specific Acanthamoeba antigens
Antibody levels in Acanthamoeba patients
Can cysts evade immune responses?
Macrophages In vivo
Neutrophils In vivo
Macrophages and neutrophils In vitro
Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis due to Acanthamoeba and the immune response
Complement
Cytokines
T-lymphocytes
Evasion of cytokines
Evasion of antibodies
Evasion of complement
Evasion of macrophages
Acanthamoeba-specific antibodies and activated macrophages, in combination show amoebicidal effects
Evasion of neutrophils
Natural killer cell activity In vivo
• Effect of immune suppressive component in marijuana, cannabinoid delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on granulomatous amoebic encephalitis due to Acanthamoeba
